Kindergeld and family benefits
Germany supports families through several benefits, and internationals often qualify but are not sure how to apply or why payments are delayed. This guide explains the main ones, who can get them, and how to handle the paperwork.
What is Kindergeld and who can get it?
Kindergeld is a monthly child benefit paid for each child, usually until 18, and longer if the child is in education or training.
Parents living and working in Germany generally qualify, including many non-Germans with the right residence status. It is paid by the Familienkasse.
How do I apply for Kindergeld?
You apply in writing to the Familienkasse, which is part of the employment agency (Agentur für Arbeit). You need the child's birth certificate, your tax ID and the child's tax ID, and proof of your status.
You can apply after a birth or after you move to Germany with children. Keep copies of everything you send.
Can I get Kindergeld backdated?
Yes, but only for a limited period before your application, currently a small number of months, so apply as soon as you can.
If you were entitled earlier, state the start date in your application and provide proof for the whole period you are claiming.
What is Elterngeld and how is it different?
Elterngeld is a separate parental benefit that partly replaces income when you take time off after a birth. It is paid for a limited number of months and depends on your prior income and how you split the months between parents.
You apply to the regional Elterngeld office, not the Familienkasse.
What are BAföG and BAB, and who are they for?
BAföG supports students in higher education, and BAB (Berufsausbildungsbeihilfe) supports some trainees in vocational training. Both depend on your income and situation.
If you are studying or in an Ausbildung and money is tight, check whether you qualify, because many people who could claim do not.
My payments stopped, or a letter is asking for documents. What do I do?
Family benefits often pause when the office needs updated proof, for example a new enrolment certificate for an older child, or confirmation of your status.
Read the letter for exactly what is missing, send it before the date, and payments usually resume, sometimes backdated.
This guide is general information for internationals in Germany. It is not legal or tax advice, and the exact rules, amounts and deadlines can change and can depend on your situation and your Bundesland. Always check the details on your own letter or with the relevant office.